World's rarest frog discovered in Costa Rica
12/09/2008 09:32:06
Andrew Gray with pregnant female frog. Credit Manchester University.
This species was thought to have become extinct twenty years ago, however in 2007 Andrew Gray, of The University's Manchester Museum, found and photographed a male. However the discovery of a pregnant female and several more males suggests that the species is breeding and has been able to survive - while many other species have been wiped out (allegedly) by a deadly fungal skin disease.
Andrew Gray said: "This has been the highlight of my career. Now that we know that both sexes exist in the wild, we should intensify efforts to understand their ecology and further their conservation."
Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve
The team trekked deep into the forest to a spot close to where the male Isthmohyla rivularis was spotted last year. They had few clues about where the frogs might be and the search could only take place at night. After discovering another male from its soft insect-like call, Luis Obando, head of park maintenance at Monteverde's Tropical Science Centre, found the tiny female, which was sitting on a leaf.
Mr Gray said: "It is hard to describe just how unlikely it was to have discovered a female of this particular species. The only time you ever come across a female is by chance - and it is only once in a blue moon that they come down to lay their eggs. You really have to be in the right place at the right time. You could come out here every night for a year and not see a thing. I really think that this time we have had luck on our side."
Isthmohyla rivularis, rediscovered by Andrew Gray of the Manchester Museum. Copyright Manchester University.
The 2.5cm-long female was released after the discovery - but only after a swab was taken from its skin to test whether it is carrying the deadly chytrid fungus.
Dr Mark Dickinson, a physicist from The Photon Science Institute at The University, has been able to use a small, portable pen-like device called a spectrometer to examine the skin of several tree frogs. This non-invasive technique allows them to see how much light the frog is reflecting and understand more about the properties of their skin.
Sunbathing may kill the virus
The researchers believe that the ability to sit out in the sun may allow the frogs' skin to heat up just enough to kill off the fungus - preventing the disease from taking its grip. However, there are concerns that increased cloud cover in their natural habitat as a result of global warming may limit their opportunities for sunbathing.
A team from The University of Manchester and Chester Zoo has been working out in Costa Rica over the last two weeks
